Pantoprazole (Protonix, Pantoloc)
Dosage form:
Tablets 20 mg and 40 mg; lyophilized powder for injection
Pharmacological group:
Proton pump inhibitor
Therapeutic use:
Gastroprotectant
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.7–1 mg/kg intravenously or orally once every 24 hours
Cats:
0.7–1 mg/kg intravenously or orally once every 24 hours
Pentoxifylline (Trental, Pentoxil)
Dosage form:
Injectable solution 20 mg/mL; tablets 100 mg, 400 mg
Pharmacological group:
Peripheral vasodilator
Therapeutic use:
Treatment of vasculitis, vasculopathies, and contact dermatitis
Dosage:
Dogs:
15–20 mg/kg every 6–8 hours or every 12 hours.
Dermatological doses: up to 30–40 mg/kg.
Dermatological doses: up to 30–40 mg/kg.
Phenazepam (Elzipam, Fezipam) — not widely available in US/EU; closest: Diazepam or Lorazepam
Dosage form:
Tablets 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2.5 mg; injectable solution 1 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Benzodiazepine tranquilizer
Therapeutic use:
Reduction of aggression and stress
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.05 mg/kg every 12 hours
Cats:
0.05 mg/kg every 12 hours
Phenobarbital (Luminal, Phenobarb)
Dosage form:
Tablets 15 mg, 30 mg, 60 mg, 100 mg; injectable solution 30 mg/mL and 120 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Anticonvulsant
Therapeutic use:
Seizures and idiopathic epilepsy
Dosage:
Dogs:
1) Starting dose: 1–2.5 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, then adjusted based on blood phenobarbital levels.
2) Acute severe seizures in a non-phenobarbital-treated dog: loading dose 18–24 mg/kg intravenously (2 administrations 20 minutes apart), then 2–3 mg/kg every 12 hours. In a phenobarbital-treated dog: loading dose 4–6 mg/kg.
2) Acute severe seizures in a non-phenobarbital-treated dog: loading dose 18–24 mg/kg intravenously (2 administrations 20 minutes apart), then 2–3 mg/kg every 12 hours. In a phenobarbital-treated dog: loading dose 4–6 mg/kg.
Cats:
Starting dose: 1.5–3 mg/kg orally every 12 hours. In severe/critical situations: doses as in dogs.
Phenylpropanolamine (Proin, Propalin)
Dosage form:
Oral solution 50 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Sympathomimetic
Therapeutic use:
Urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in dogs
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.8 mg/kg orally every 8 hours, or 1.2 mg/kg orally every 12 hours
Pimobendan (Vetmedin, Cardisure)
Dosage form:
Capsules or tablets 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg
Pharmacological group:
Cardiac inotrope (PDE inhibitor + calcium sensitizer)
Therapeutic use:
Broad range of cardiac diseases; CHF and DCM
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.1–0.3 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, given 1 hour before food. Preferred dose: 0.25 mg/kg.
Cats:
0.1–0.3 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, given 1 hour before food. Preferred dose: 0.25 mg/kg.
Pradofloxacin (Veraflox)
Dosage form:
Tablets 15 mg, 60 mg, 120 mg; injectable solution 25 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Third-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial
Therapeutic use:
Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Ideally should be reserved as a second-line antibiotic.
Dosage:
Dogs:
3 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Cats:
3 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Prazosin (Minipress, Hypovase)
Dosage form:
Tablets 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg
Pharmacological group:
Antihypertensive alpha-adrenergic blocker
Therapeutic use:
To lower blood pressure; used in pulmonary hypertension as adjunctive therapy in CHF
Dosage:
Dogs:
1 mg per dog orally every 8–12 hours (dogs up to 15 kg); 2 mg per dog (over 15 kg)
Cats:
0.25–1 mg per cat orally every 8–12 hours
Prednisolone (Pred-Sol, Delta-Cortef)
Dosage form:
Tablets 5 mg; injectable solution 30 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Glucocorticosteroid
Therapeutic use:
Anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, gluconeogenic effects. Used in hypoadrenocorticism and as an immunosuppressant.
Dosage:
Dogs:
1) Hypoadrenocorticism: 0.2–0.3 mg/kg together with fludrocortisone.
2) Anti-inflammatory: 0.5 mg/kg orally every 12–24 hours, gradually tapering to 0.25–0.5 mg/kg every 48 hours.
3) Allergic diseases: 0.5–1 mg/kg orally every 12 hours initially, then taper after stabilization.
4) Immunosuppressive doses: 1–2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours, with gradual dose reduction.
2) Anti-inflammatory: 0.5 mg/kg orally every 12–24 hours, gradually tapering to 0.25–0.5 mg/kg every 48 hours.
3) Allergic diseases: 0.5–1 mg/kg orally every 12 hours initially, then taper after stabilization.
4) Immunosuppressive doses: 1–2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours, with gradual dose reduction.
Cats:
Anti-inflammatory doses: 0.5–1 mg/kg orally every 12–24 hours; other doses as in dogs.
Promethazine (Phenergan)
Dosage form:
Dragee 25 mg; injectable solution 25 mg/mL in 2 mL ampoules
Pharmacological group:
Antihistamine
Therapeutic use:
H1 antihistamine with sedative effect; antiemetic in humans (not proven in animals)
Dosage:
Dogs:
1 mg/kg every 12 hours orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously.
Alternatively: 0.2–0.4 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly every 6–8 hours; 12.5–25 mg per dog orally once every 24 hours.
Alternatively: 0.2–0.4 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly every 6–8 hours; 12.5–25 mg per dog orally once every 24 hours.
Cats:
1 mg/kg every 12 hours orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously
Propofol (Diprivan, PropoFlo)
Dosage form:
Injectable solution 1% and 2% (10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL)
Pharmacological group:
Hypnotic / Anesthetic agent. Used for short-term sedation and balanced anesthesia.
Therapeutic use:
Loading doses: 6–8 mg/kg over 1 minute (dose may be lower or higher depending on patient status). Maintenance: 0.1–0.5 mg/kg/min as a constant rate infusion.
Dosage:
Dogs:
Loading doses: 6–8 mg/kg over 1 minute (dose may be lower or higher depending on patient status). Maintenance: 0.1–0.5 mg/kg/min as a constant rate infusion.