Cabergoline (Dostinex, Galastop)
Dosage form:
Oral solution 50 mcg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Prolactin inhibitor
Therapeutic use:
Control of false pregnancy in bitches; estrus induction; may be used for pregnancy termination in bitches
Dosage:
Dogs:
5 mcg/kg orally once every 24 hours for 4–6 days.
For pregnancy termination: 15 mcg/kg orally between days 30 and 42 of gestation.
For pregnancy termination: 15 mcg/kg orally between days 30 and 42 of gestation.
Cats:
For pregnancy termination: 15 mcg/kg orally between days 30 and 42 of gestation.
Calcium Salts (Calcium Gluconate, Calcium Chloride, Calcium Carbonate)
Dosage form:
Various tablet forms. Calcium chloride and calcium gluconate injectable solutions 10% (100 mg/mL). Calcium borogluconate injectable solution 20% (200 mg/mL).
Pharmacological group:
Macroelements / Electrolytes
Therapeutic use:
Postpartum eclampsia and other conditions with hypocalcemia
Dosage:
Dogs:
Parenterally: 50–150 mg calcium gluconate/kg slowly intravenously over 20–30 minutes (using 10% solution: equivalent to 0.5–1.5 mL/kg). Alternative: calcium chloride 5–10 mg/kg or 0.05–0.1 mL/kg. Orally: 5–22 mg/kg calcium orally every 8 hours.
Cats:
Parenterally: 95–140 mg calcium gluconate/kg slowly intravenously (using 10% gluconate or borogluconate solution: equivalent to 1–1.5 mL/kg) every 6–8 hours.
Birds:
Hypocalcemia: 5–10 mg/kg calcium gluconate intramuscularly every 12 hours
Carbimazole (Vidalta)
Dosage form:
Tablets 10 mg, 15 mg
Pharmacological group:
Antithyroid drug
Therapeutic use:
Hyperthyroidism
Dosage:
Dogs:
Starting dose: 15 mg per animal orally once every 24 hours until thyroxine concentration falls below 100 nmol/L. Then reduce to 10 mg orally once every 24 hours; may be as low as 5 mg per day.
Cats:
Starting dose: 15 mg per animal orally once every 24 hours until thyroxine concentration falls below 100 nmol/L. Then reduce to 10 mg orally once every 24 hours; may be as low as 5 mg per day.
Carprofen (Rimadyl, Vetprofen)
Dosage form:
Injectable 5% solution, 50 mg/mL; tablets 20 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
Pharmacological group:
NSAID
Therapeutic use:
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects
Dosage:
Dogs:
4 mg/kg per day intravenously, subcutaneously, or orally. Recommended to divide daily dose into 2 equal parts. After 7 days, dose may be reduced to 2 mg/kg/day depending on clinical indication.
Cats:
4 mg/kg intravenously or subcutaneously; recommended as a single dose only.
Cefazolin Sodium (Ancef, Kefzol)
Dosage form:
Powder for intramuscular or intravenous injectable solution: 500 mg and 1000 mg per vial
Pharmacological group:
First-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Diseases caused by susceptible organisms
Dosage:
Dogs:
20–35 mg/kg intramuscularly or intravenously every 8–12 hours
Cats:
20–35 mg/kg intramuscularly or intravenously every 8–12 hours
Cefotaxime Sodium (Claforan)
Dosage form:
Powder for intramuscular or intravenous injectable solution: 500 mg, 1000 mg, and 2000 mg per vial
Pharmacological group:
Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Diseases caused by susceptible organisms
Dosage:
Dogs:
20–40 mg/kg intramuscularly, intravenously, or subcutaneously every 8–12 hours
Cats:
20–40 mg/kg intramuscularly, intravenously, or subcutaneously every 8–12 hours
Cefovecin (Convenia)
Dosage form:
Lyophilized powder for injectable solution: 80 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Cephalosporin-class antibiotic (long-acting)
Therapeutic use:
Diseases caused by susceptible organisms. Effect after injection lasts 14 days.
Dosage:
Dogs:
8 mg/kg subcutaneously, equivalent to 1 mL of reconstituted product per 10 kg. Duration of action: 14 days.
Cats:
8 mg/kg subcutaneously, equivalent to 1 mL of reconstituted product per 10 kg. Duration of action: 14 days.
Cefquinome (Cobactan)
Dosage form:
Injectable suspension: 25 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Proteus spp., Salmonella, Corynebacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., including beta-lactamase-producing strains
Dosage:
Dogs:
2.5 mg/kg intramuscularly once every 24 hours
Cats:
2.5 mg/kg intramuscularly once every 24 hours
Ceftazidime (Fortaz, Tazicef)
Dosage form:
Powder for solution: 500 mg, 1000 mg, and 2000 mg per vial
Pharmacological group:
Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Diseases caused by susceptible organisms
Dosage:
Dogs:
20–50 mg/kg intravenously every 8–12 hours
Cats:
20–50 mg/kg intravenously every 8–12 hours
Ceftiofur (Convenia, Excede)
Dosage form:
Veterinary suspension 50 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Diseases caused by susceptible organisms
Dosage:
Dogs:
2.2 mg/kg subcutaneously once every 24 hours
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Dosage form:
Powder for intramuscular or intravenous injectable solution: 500 mg and 1000 mg per vial
Pharmacological group:
Third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Good activity against Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria
Dosage:
Dogs:
20–25 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly every 12 hours. Alternatively: 50 mg/kg once every 24 hours.
Cats:
20–25 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly every 12 hours. Alternatively: 50 mg/kg once every 24 hours.
Cephalexin (Keflex, Rilexine)
Dosage form:
Capsules 250 mg, 500 mg; powder for oral suspension 125 mg/5 mL and 250 mg/5 mL
Pharmacological group:
First-generation cephalosporin antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Active against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. Pseudomonas and Proteus are often resistant.
Dosage:
Dogs:
10–25 mg/kg orally every 8–12 hours; intramuscularly or subcutaneously every 24 hours
Cats:
10–25 mg/kg orally every 8–12 hours; intramuscularly or subcutaneously every 24 hours
Cetirizine (Zyrtec, Reactine)
Dosage form:
Tablets 10 mg; injectable solution 5 mg/5 mL
Pharmacological group:
Antihistamine
Therapeutic use:
Allergic reactions
Dosage:
Dogs:
1 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Cats:
5 mg per cat orally once every 24 hours
Chlorambucil (Leukeran)
Dosage form:
Tablets 2 mg
Pharmacological group:
Alkylating agent
Therapeutic use:
Management of malignant neoplasms; lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative diseases; immunosuppressive effect
Dosage:
Dogs:
1) Lymphoma: 15–20 mg/m² orally every 2 weeks + prednisolone, or 2–6 mg/m² every 24–48 hours.
2) Pemphigus (+ glucocorticosteroids): 0.1–0.2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours initially, until clinical improvement. Then every other day, often long-term.
3) Other autoimmune diseases: 1–2 mg/m².
2) Pemphigus (+ glucocorticosteroids): 0.1–0.2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours initially, until clinical improvement. Then every other day, often long-term.
3) Other autoimmune diseases: 1–2 mg/m².
Cats:
1) Autoimmune diseases: cats >4 kg — 2 mg per animal orally every 48 hours for 2–4 weeks, then reduce to minimum effective dose. Cats <4 kg — 2 mg per animal orally every 72 hours.
2) Pemphigus (+ glucocorticosteroids): 0.1–0.2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours initially, until clinical improvement. Then every other day, often long-term.
2) Pemphigus (+ glucocorticosteroids): 0.1–0.2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours initially, until clinical improvement. Then every other day, often long-term.
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Dosage form:
Injectable solution 100 mg/mL; tablets 200 mg
Pharmacological group:
H2 receptor antagonist
Therapeutic use:
Gastroprotectant
Dosage:
Dogs:
5–10 mg/kg orally, intravenously, or intramuscularly every 8 hours
Cats:
2.5–5 mg/kg subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously every 12 hours
Ferrets:
5–10 mg/kg orally, subcutaneously, or intramuscularly every 8 hours
Cimicoxib (Cimalgex)
Dosage form:
Tablets 8 mg, 30 mg, 80 mg
Pharmacological group:
NSAID (COX-2 selective)
Therapeutic use:
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects
Dosage:
Dogs:
2 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Dosage form:
Tablets 250 mg, 500 mg; injectable solution for IV use 2 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Fluoroquinolone antibacterial
Therapeutic use:
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; similar spectrum to enrofloxacin
Dosage:
Dogs:
25–30 mg/kg orally or intravenously once every 24 hours
Cats:
25–30 mg/kg orally or intravenously once every 24 hours
Clemastine (Tavist, Dayhist)
Dosage form:
Tablets 1 mg; injectable solution 1 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Antihistamine
Therapeutic use:
Occasionally used in the management of allergic diseases
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.05–0.1 mg/kg orally every 12 hours
Cats:
0.1 mg/kg orally every 12 hours
Clindamycin (Cleocin, Antirobe)
Dosage form:
Capsules 150 mg, 300 mg; injectable solution 150 mg/mL
Pharmacological group:
Lincosamide antibiotic
Therapeutic use:
Infections susceptible to this antibiotic; primarily Gram-positive spectrum; active against Mycoplasma and Toxoplasma
Dosage:
Dogs:
5.5 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, or 11 mg/kg once every 24 hours. In severe infections, may increase to 11 mg/kg every 12 hours.
Cats:
5.5 mg/kg orally every 12 hours, or 11 mg/kg once every 24 hours. Toxoplasmosis: 25 mg/kg per day orally in divided doses.
Clonazepam (Klonopin, Rivotril)
Dosage form:
Tablets 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg
Pharmacological group:
Benzodiazepine derivative
Therapeutic use:
Anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.5 mg/kg orally every 8–12 hours
Cats:
0.5 mg/kg orally every 12–24 hours (starting dose)
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Dosage form:
Tablets 75 mg
Pharmacological group:
Antiplatelet agent
Therapeutic use:
Prevention of thrombosis in cats and dogs
Dosage:
Dogs:
2–4 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Cats:
18.75 mg per cat orally once every 24 hours
Colchicine (Colcrys, Mitigare)
Dosage form:
Tablets 0.5 mg
Pharmacological group:
Tropolone alkaloid
Therapeutic use:
Control of fibrotic hepatitis, pulmonary diseases, esophageal strictures, and renal amyloidosis (including Shar-Pei fever-associated)
Dosage:
Dogs:
0.03 mg/kg orally once every 24 hours
Cyclosporine (Atopica, Neoral, Elanco)
Dosage form:
Capsules 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
Pharmacological group:
Selective immunosuppressant
Therapeutic use:
Atopic dermatitis; immunosuppression in various autoimmune diseases
Dosage:
Dogs:
5 mg/kg every 12–24 hours. For atopic dermatitis — usually once every 24 hours; may be reduced to every 48 hours.
Cats:
7 mg/kg once every 24 hours